Gluten is a water-soluble protein found in wheat, barley and rye.
In celiac disease, gluten causes immune inflammation in the small intestine. If celiac disease does not treated, it can cause the anemia, chronic fatigue, osteoporosis, impaired spleen, infertility, neurological disorders, skin rashes, and can lead to other conditions such as bowel cancer.
In some patients, even though blood tests and endoscopies are negative or normal, there are signs of celiac disease. This condition is called as non-celiac gluten sensitivity or gluten intolerance.
Symptoms may include conditions similar to celiac disease, such as abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, drowsiness, or fatigue. Improvement in symptoms is also observed when gluten is removed from the diet, and these symptoms repeat when gluten-containing foods are started to be consumed.